Description
Chlamydia, gonorrhea and trichomoniasis are three curable sexually transmitted infections. However, many individuals with these infections do not show symptoms. When left untreated, chlamydia and gonorrhea can lead to inflammatory disease, infertility, ectopic pregnancy, and chronic pelvic pain in women. Untreated men may experience sterility, inflammation of the prostate gland (prostatitis) and the epididymis (epididymitis).
Who should take this test?
This test should be taken by individuals who
- are sexually active particularly if you engage in unprotected sex
- are entering a new relationship
- have a partner who has recently tested reactive for a sexually transmitted disease
- are experiencing symptoms associated with these infections
If your exposure is recent, it should be noted that there is a “window period” following exposure where the lab assays are not able to detect the presence of microbes in your blood. The window period is around 2 weeks for chlamydia and gonorrhea. It is around 3-6 weeks for detecting the protozoa that causes trichomoniasis.
What is included in this test?
Chlamydia is the most commonly reported bacterial infection worldwide and is caused by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis. Gonorrhea is caused by the bacteria Neisseria gonorrhoeae, which can infect the mucous membranes of the vagina, mouth, eyes, and rectum. Trichomoniasis is caused by the protozoan parasite Trichomonas vaginalis, which can infect the lower genital tract, vulva, vagina, cervix, and the urethra (both men and women). Only 30% of individuals with trichomoniasis (aka trich) show symptoms. Trich infections increases the risk of contracting other sexually transmitted diseases.
All three of these microorganisms are detected with nucleic acid amplification testing of vaginal swab and/or urine samples. All three are curable with antibiotics. However, as antibiotics do not provide immunity reinfection is possible.
Symptoms of chlamydia, gonorrhea & trichomoniasis
Symptoms in Females
- Endocervical bleeding
- Increased urinary frequency
- Rectal pain, swelling & bleeding
- Painful urination
- Vaginal discharge
Symptoms in Males
- Testicular pain & swelling
- Increased urinary frequency
- Rectal pain, swelling & bleeding
- Painful urination
- Urethral discharge
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